Chartered on April 6, 1910 and opening on April 10 the following year, the Crosbyton-South Plains Railroad stretched 38 miles from Lubbock eastward to Crosbyton, Texas. Four years later, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway purchased the line and renamed it to the South Plains and Santa Fe Railroad.

The line was sold to the newly-formed Crosbyton Railroad with purposes of continuing service in January, 1990, but the line was abandoned within the year.