The Oil City Branch was built by the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1901 in order to access the Kern River oil fields north of Bakersfield, CA. It ran from a connection with the SP mainline (Union Pacific today) at Oil Junction, west of the community of Oildale, and proceed east for 6.378 miles to Oil City proper.
The eastern portion of the line, starting near Maltha, was abandoned in 1973. The remainder of the line remains active.